Search results for "Bone Marrow Cell"
showing 10 items of 122 documents
Characterization of a T-cell-derived mast cell costimulatory activity (MCA) that acts synergistically with interleukin 3 and interleukin 4 on the gro…
1990
The proliferation of mucosal mast cells (MMC) depends on the presence of interleukin 3 (IL 3) and can be further enhanced by interleukin 4 (IL 4). The supernatant of a TH2 cell clone (ST2/K.9) stimulated by concanavalin A was found to contain a factor, provisionally termed mast cell costimulatory activity (MCA), that substantially enhances the proliferation of MMC promoted by a combination of IL 3 and IL 4. In comparison to other lymphokines MCA is rather resistant to tryptic digestion but is very sensitive to pH values lower than 6.0 and to organic solvents. Chromatographic fractionation of MCA revealed that activity is associated with protein(s) or glycoprotein(s) of 35 to 40 kDa. Partial…
Synthesis and expression of MHC class II molecules in the absence of attached invariant chains by recombinant-interferon-gamma-activated bone-marrow-…
1987
Pure populations of in vitro propagated bone marrow-derived macrophages are constitutively Ia negative. Co-culturing of these cells with recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) resulted in the appearance of high amounts of Ia antigens at the cell surface of essentially all cells. The continuous presence of the stimulus was a prerequisite for sustained Ia expression because removal of the stimulus resulted in rapid decline of surface Ia. Two-dimensional (2D) gel analysis (1D isoelectric focusing, 2D sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of class II molecules synthesized by rIFN-gamma-stimulated bone marrow macrophages (BMM phi) revealed that, in contrast to class II co…
Differential Effects of Exercise on Tibial Shaft Marrow Density in Young Female Athletes
2013
Increased mechanical loading can promote the preferential differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblastogenesis, but it is not known whether long-term bone strength-enhancing exercise in humans can reduce marrow adiposity.Our objective was to examine whether bone marrow density (MaD), as an estimate of marrow adiposity 1) differs between young female athletes with contrasting loading histories and bone strengths and 2) is an independent predictor of bone strength at the weight-bearing tibia.Mid-tibial MaD, cortical area (CoA), total area, medullary area, strength strain index (SSI), and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (total, endocortical, midcortical, …
New emerging potentials for human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells: immunological features and hepatocyte-like differentiative capacity.
2010
In recent years, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been extensively studied. Their key characteristics of long-term self-renewal and a capacity to differentiate into diverse mature tissues favour their use in regenerative medicine applications. Stem cells can be found in embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues as well as in adult organs. Several reports indicate that cells of Wharton's jelly (WJ), the main component of umbilical cord extracellular matrix, are multipotent stem cells, expressing markers of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), and giving rise to different cellular types of both connective and nervous tissues. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSC) express …
Do nonmelanoma skin cancers develop from extra-cutaneous stem cells?
2008
A hypothesis is presented that nonmelanoma skin cancers can develop from extra-cutaneous stem cells, and not exclusively from skin keratinocytes. This idea is supported by recent findings regarding the initiation of cancers in the digestive tract, and by a cancer stem cell model of a neoplasia. It is known that multipotent adult progenitor cells can trans-differentiate into very diverse cellular lineages and can be recruited to areas of profound tissue injury. In these settings, they might also initiate malignant transformation. Some epidemiological data and recent findings regarding mechanisms of wound healing indicate that skin cancers could also originate from bone marrow-derived or othe…
Immunophenotypical comparison of Gaucher's and pseudo-Gaucher cells.
1996
An immunohistochemical study on bone marrow biopsies and spleens of patients with Gaucher's disease and chronic myeloid leukemia was performed to investigate the immunophenotype of Gaucher's cells and pseudo-Gaucher cells. A panel of antibodies was used which were reactive on paraffin-embedded tissues and directed against different hematopoietic lineage cells. Gaucher's cells and pseudo-Gaucher cells expressed a very similar immunophenotype and displayed an intense reaction for the monocytic antibodies tested, thus confirming their common origin and that they belong to the same system. The expression of HLA-DR antigens was much stronger in Gaucher's than in pseudo-Gaucher cells. This last f…
Protective Effects of Fruits and Vegetables against In Vivo Clastogenicity of Cyclophosphamide or Benzo[a]pyrene in Mice
1998
Seven fruits and 10 vegetables commonly consumed in Germany were investigated for their anticlastogenic potencies against cyclophosphamide (CP) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. We detected protective effects in 76.5% and 70.6% of the samples, respectively, and more or less distinct quantitative differences between the various plant materials and the two clastogens investigated. With respect to CP, moderate activities were exerted by sweet cherries, strawberries, cucumber, radish and tomatoes, average activities by bananas, oranges, peaches, asparagus and red beets and strong activities by yellow red peppers and especially spinach. Apples (cultiva…
Immobilization of BMP‐2, BMP‐7 and alendronic acid on titanium surfaces: Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow‐derived stem cells
2019
This study analyzed the influence of titanium (TiO2 ) surface modifications with two osteogenic proteins (BMP-2, BMP-7) and an anti-osteoclastic drug (alendronic acid [AA]) on sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) and plain TiO2 (PT) on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation (alkaline phosphatase [AP] and osteocalcin [OC]) of bone-marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) after 1, 3 and 7 days in-vitro. Initially, AA surfaces showed the highest cell number and surface coverage. At day 3 and 7, BMP and AA-modified surfaces exhibited a significantly enhanced cell growth. For proliferation, at days 3 and 7, an enhancement on BMP-2, BMP-7 and AA-surfaces was seen. At day 7, SLA also showed a higher p…
Stem Cells and the Endometrium: From the Discovery of Adult Stem Cells to Pre-Clinical Models.
2021
Adult stem cells (ASCs) were long suspected to exist in the endometrium. Indeed, several types of endometrial ASCs were identified in rodents and humans through diverse isolation and characterization techniques. Putative stromal and epithelial stem cell niches were identified in murine models using label-retention techniques. In humans, functional methods (clonogenicity, long-term culture, and multi-lineage differentiation assays) and stem cell markers (CD146, SUSD2/W5C5, LGR5, NTPDase2, SSEA-1, or N-cadherin) facilitated the identification of three main types of endogenous endometrial ASCs: stromal, epithelial progenitor, and endothelial stem cells. Further, exogenous populations of stem c…
Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Endurance Training on Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow of Trained Mice
2007
Fat supplements, especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), are increasingly popular ergogenic aids among endurance athletes. To evaluate the importance of fat supplementation in the practice of endurance sports, we investigated the effects of CLA supplementation on body weight, muscle hypertrophy, peripheral blood composition, and bone marrow composition in healthy, young, endurance-trained mice. Young, healthy mice were subdivided into control, trained, and treated groups, according to their running attitudes. Training was performed over a period of 6 weeks on a treadmill, at a gradually increasing duration and speed. CLA-treated groups were gavaged with 0.425 mg x d(-1) CLA supplement fo…